DOI: 10.21064/WinRS.2019.4.11
In this paper, based on the previously unpublished archival materials, the issues of the social status of disabled and elderly women in Siberia in the 1920—1930s (which were united under the general status of the disabled population) are examined. The main directions of the Soviet State social policy the regarding the disabled women are analyzed: pensions, social assistance, employment policy, social welfare in shelters for disabled people. Specific examples, given in the text, illustrate the features of the daily life of the disabled women — both living inside and outside the institutions for people with disabilities. The state social policy towards the disabled women in the 1920—1930s is characterized by the extreme ambivalence. The measures of social support for replenishment were taken, but it was accessible to a narrow circle of people. The only area of real interaction between the society and women with disabilities was the sphere of employment, where they were actively included, as the proletarian state needed workers within the context of industria¬lization. During the conduct of social policy, the Soviet authorities did not divide disabled and elderly people on a gender basis, but the disabled women during the 1920—1930s remained one of the most socially vulnerable groups of the population. At the same time, the state made non-systemic attempts to integrate women with disabilities into society on the basis of measures of vocational rehabilitation.
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